絮凝法处理水溶性乳胶漆废水

介绍用絮凝剂法处理水溶性乳胶漆废水。先用石灰将废水的ｐＨ值调节到８，加入絮凝剂硫酸铝、铝离子型有机高分子絮凝剂，静置、过滤，再经粉煤灰、石英砂吸附。经处理后的废水色度、ＳＳ均可达排放标准，ＣＯＤ去除率也较高。     

浸绒家用手套的配方及工艺选择试验

介绍了浸绒家用胶乳手套的配方及工艺的选择试验，发现增稠剂ＣＭＣ与ＰＨＰ并用能使手套绒层绒毛均匀、平整，工艺性能得到改善。     

功能单体对苯丙乳液性能的影响

采用苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯及丙烯酸-2-羟基丙酯作主单体,衣康酸单丁酯(MB I)作功能单体合成了苯丙乳液,比较了功能单体MB I及丙烯酸(AA)对苯丙乳液性能(包括耐水性、表面张力、钙离子稳定性等)的影响,用透射电镜观察了乳胶粒子形态。结果表明,使用功能单体MB I,能有效改善乳液的性能。     

Electrochemically instantaneous reduction of conducting polyaniline-coated latex particles dispersed in acidic solution

A cathodic voltammetric wave was observed in an aqueous suspension of mono-dispersed, spherical polyaniline-coated polystyrene particles, whereas no anodic wave was detected. This irreversibility was common to particles with eight different diameters ranging from 0.2 to 7.5 μm. Such irreversibility cannot be found at polyaniline-coated electrodes, and thus is a property of the dispersion of polyaniline latex. The reduction current was controlled by diffusion of dispersed particles. The reduction, being the conversion from the electrical conducting state to the resistive one, should begin at a point of contact between the conducting particle and the electrode in order to be propagated to the whole particle rapidly. In contrast, the oxidation proceeds slowly with the propagation of conducting zone, during which Brownian motion lets the particle detach from the electrode. The number of loaded aniline units per particle, determined by weight analysis, ranged from 6 × 10⁶ (Ø 0.2 μm) to 3 × 10¹¹ (Ø 7.5 μm) and was proportional to 2.9 powers of the particle diameter. The diffusion-controlled current of the cathodic wave was proportional to 2.4 powers of the diameter. The difference in these powers, 0.5, agreed with a theoretical estimation of the diffusion-controlled current, the diffusion coefficient for which was given by the Stokes-Einstein equation.     

In vitro comparisons between Carica papaya and pancreatic lipases during test meal lipolysis: Potential use of CPL in enzyme replacement therapy

High levels of lipase activity are known to occur in Carica papaya latex, and this activity is being used in some biotechnological applications. The lipolytic activity of C. papaya lipase (CPL) on dietary triacylglycerols (TAG) has not yet been studied. Hence, the aim of this study was to characterise the specific activity of CPL on dietary TAG present in a crude preparation. Also, we have determined its stability during the lipolysis of a test meal at various pH values mimicking those occurring in the gastro-intestinal tract, with or without bile, and have compared these properties with those of porcine pancreatic extract (PPE) and human pancreatic lipase (HPL). CPL showed maximum stability at pH 6.0, both with and without bile. Some residual activity was still observed at pH 2 (20%), whereas the pancreatic lipases tested were immediately completely inactivated at this pH. In the absence of bile, the highest specific activities were measured at pH 6 in the case of CPL, PPE and HPL. Adding bile slightly decreased the CPL activity in the 4–6 pH range, thus shifting the optimum CPL activity to pH 7, where the presence of bile had no effect. Lipolysis levels decreased with the pH, but CPL was still more active than PPE at pH 5 on a relative basis. These results suggest that CPL might be a promising candidate for use as a therapeutic tool on patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.     

胶乳水泥浆体系在剑门1井尾管悬挂固井中的应用

剑门1 井是四川石油管理局承钻的一口重点预探井，该井井底压力高达120 MPa，多次发生气侵、井漏。鉴于此种情况，现场决定四开钻至5004 m 中途完钻，下?177.8 mm 尾管固井。为解决深层高压井尾管固井问题，选用了胶乳水泥浆体系，对该体系的失水控制和防漏失性能、防窜性能、水泥石性能，水泥浆流变性，水泥浆的稳定性、水泥浆稠化时间进行了室内试验。工艺方面采用正注反挤、间歇式低压挤水泥的固井工艺，以减少一次注替静液柱压力过大造成的漏失，易于建立挤水泥压力。经优选水泥浆体系和采用适合该井井况的固井工艺，成功地封隔了 4584~4930 m 4 个严重漏失层，取得了较好的作业效果。剑门1 井?177.8 mm 尾管悬挂固井的成功经验可供此类复杂井固井参考。     

A comparative study of short nylon fiber—Natural rubber composites prepared from dry rubber and latex masterbatch

A novel method for the preparation of short nylon fiber–natural rubber composites was developed in which short fibers chopped to approximately 6 mm were incorporated in the latex stage and processed into sheet form. By this method, mixing cycle time was reduced without compromising the fiber dispersion. Fiber breakage during mixing was reduced. The new composites when compounded with a dry bonding system based on hexamethylenetetramine, resorcinol and hydrated silica (HRH) showed improved modulus, tensile strength and abrasion resistance compared to conventional composites. Tear strength, resilience, and compression set were similar to the conventional composites. SEM analysis indicated better interaction between matrix and fibers in the case of latex master batch. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

苯丙乳液及其乳胶漆的制备

以水作溶剂，以苯乙烯、丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇等共聚合成乳液，在此基础上进一步制备了乳胶漆（内墙涂料），对制得的乳液及内墙涂料进行了测试实验，讨论了影响因素，并给出了乳液和内墙涂料较佳的合成工艺。     

The influence of latex blend composition on crosslinking and mechanical properties

Model reactive latices were synthesized by semicontinuous emulsion copolymerization of n‐butyl methacrylate and acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate. The two functional latices were then blended in various ratios to study the influence of blend composition on crosslinking and mechanical properties of the resulting films. Crosslinking was quantified through swelling measurements. It was found that the crosslink density increased with increasing amounts of acetoacetoxy‐functional polymer. In addition, the crosslink density exhibited two maxima, at 30/70 and 70/30 (acetoacetoxy‐functional latex/amino‐functional latex) blend compositions. The mechanical properties of the films were quantified by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was shown that optimal mechanical properties occurred when the particles packed most efficiently at the 30/70 and 70/30 blend compositions. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3774–3779, 2007     

Thermal degradation and ageing behavior of microcomposites of natural rubber,carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber latices,and their blends

The effect of microfillers on the thermal stability of natural rubber (NR), carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) latices, and their 70/30 NR/XSBR blend were studied using thermogravimetric method. Microcomposites of XSBR and their blend were found to be thermally more stable than unfilled samples. The activation energy needed for the degradation of polymer chain was calculated from Coats‐Redfern plot. Activation energy needed for the thermal degradation of filled samples was higher than unfilled system. It indicated the improved thermal stability of the filled samples. The ageing resistance of the micro‐filled samples was evaluated from the mechanical properties of aged samples. The thermal ageing was carried out by keeping the samples in hot air oven for 7 days at 70°C. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus at 300% elongation, and strain at break were computed. As compared to unfilled samples, micron‐sized fillers reinforced systems exhibited higher ageing resistance. Finally, an investigation was made on the influence of ion‐beam irradiation on microcomposites of NR, XSBR latices, and their 70/30 blend systems using ²⁸Si⁸⁺ performed at 100 MeV. The surface changes of the samples after irradiation were analyzed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results of XPS measurements revealed that the host elements were redistributed without any change in binding energies of C_1s, O_1s, and Si_2p. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007